NURSINGBABU

  FUNDAMENTAL TERMINOLOGY  1.Anuria -it is the formation and excretion of urine Less than 100ml in 24hours  2.Bowel incontinence -it is the state inwhich person experience a change in normal Bowel habbit characterstics by involuntary passage of stool 3.colonic irrigation -it is the flushing of large intestine 4.Constipation - it is the infrequent, some time painful passage of hard,dry stool 5.Defication-  it is the process by which the solid waste products of digestion known as faces or stool are eliminated from Bowel 6. Diarrhoea -it is a state in which person experience a change in normal Bowel habbit characterized by frequent passage of loose,fluid,unformed stool 7.Dysuria - it is the difficulty in voiding, 8. Elimination -it is the expulsion of waste from the body by the way of lungs,skin,rectum, and urinary bladder 9.Enuresis - it is the involuntary voiding with no underlying pathophysiologic origin after the age when bladder control usually achieved 10. Flatul...

  Golden key point VS Fundamental Nursing 1. Florence Nightingale defined Nursing as "the art of utilizing the environment of patients to assist them  2. Environment is the focus of nursing care in Nightingale's theory 3. According to Virginia Henderson, "Nurses help client to perform 14 basic needs" 4. Neuman's system model: Stress reduction is goal of systems model of nursing practice 5. The theory that involves care and helps the client attain total self-care is Orem's theory. 6. Peplau's theory focuses on interpersonal relationship (4 phases of interpersonal relationship). 7. Callista Roy developed the adaptation model, known as Roy's Adaptation Model 8. Dorothea Orem: Self-care deficit nursing theory 9. The type of assessment that includes data related to a client's biological, cultural, spiritual and social need is called Comorak Assessment  10. Screening is a process for evaluating the possible presence of a particular problem. The outcome ...

  Barrier Nursing 1.Respiratory  isolation *When it is required-Droplet infection *Technique used-Wear mask   2.Enteric isolation *When it is required- Pathogens are transmitted via feces *Technique used-Wear gloves and gowns while handling soiled 3.Wound and skin isolation *When it is required-Pathogens are present in wound and can be transmitted while coming in contact with infected wound *Technique used-Wear gown and gloves 4.Blood isolation *When it is required-Pathogens are found and spread via blood *Technique used-Wear gloves while coming in contact with blood

  VERY IMPORTANT TERM REGARDING ABNORMAL VITALS  (a) RESPIRATION 1. TACHYPNEA   It is the increase of respiratory rate over 24 breath per minute   2. BRADYPNEA -  It is the decrease of respiratory rate less than 10 breath per minute  3. APNOEA   it is the total cessation of breathing  4. HYPERPNOEA - It is increase in the depth of respiration  5. ORTHOPNOEA - It is the difficulty of breathing in upright position  6. STERTOROUS - It is a noisy breathing with snoring sound made by the air passage the secretion..  7. STRIDOR -  A harsh, vibrating, shrill sound is produced by during respiration as seen in upper airway obstruction.  8. RAlE - An abnormal ratting or bubbling sound caused by the mucus in the air passages  9. WHEEZE .  The high pitched, musical whistling sound that occurs with the partial obstruction of smaller bronchi  10. SIGH -a very deep inspiration followed by prolong expiration  11 .AI...

  CHANGES OF BODY CONDITION AFTER DEATH  1.Cadaveric spasm 2.Rigor mortis 3.liver mortis 4.algor mortis * CADAVERIC SPASM Stiffness of muscle that has onset immediately after death * RIGOR MORTIS  Stiffness of whole body after death  * ALGOR MORTIS   Failing down of body temperature after death  * LIVER MORTIS  Bluish purple or purplish red discoloration of the skin of dependent body part after death 3-5 days after death — the body starts to bloat and blood-containing foam leaks from the mouth and nose.  8-10 days after death — the body turns from green to red as the blood decomposes and the organs in the abdomen accumulate gas.  Several weeks after death — nails and teeth fall out

  ENEMA TYPES VS THEIR EXAMPLE, AMOUNT OF SOULUTION USED  (a) EVACUANT ENEMA  1.SIMPLE  2.MEDICATED         *oil enema         *purgative enema         *Astringent         *Anthelmintic         *carminative      3.COLD  (b) RETAINED ENEMA  1.Stimulant  2.Nutrient  3.Emollient  4.Sedative  5.Anaesthetic  1.SIMPLE EVACUANT ENEMA  it is used to Stimulate defecation and to treat constipation  Example -  *Soap and water (soap jelly 50 ml to water 1 liter)  *Normal saline - 1 teaspoonful Sodium chloride with 500 ml of water  *Amount of solution to be used  Adult - 500 to 1000 ml Children- 250 to500ml Infant - 250ml or less  *temperature of the solution  Adult - 105 - 110 °F Children - 100°F 2.OIL ENEMA   it is used to soften fecal matter in sever constipati...

  COMFORT DEVICES FOR PATIENT VS HOSPITAL 1. BACK REST  IT is a mechanical device which support for the client in sitting position  2. KNEE REST  IT may be substituted by pillow which gives relaxation, relieve pan on abdominal muscle and tendon beneath the knee  3. FOOT REST -   IT is device used to place the feet firmly and maintain the normal position of feet.. It is also used to prevent foot drop  4. BED CRADLE  IT support and take off the weight of top bed sheets to prevent come in contact of top clothing with skin in case of burn or drying plaster cast  5 .BED BLOCKS  IT is used to low the head end of bed incase of shock or giving spinal anesthesia  6. SAND BAGS  IT is used to immobilize the fracture part... It is also used to support certain body parts and to prevent foot drop  7. AIR CUSHION   IT is made up off rubber and inflate with air.. It is used to take off the weight and relieve pressure of certain body ...

  WEIGHT AND MEASURE VS FUNDAMENTAL NURSING 1 DRAM =60 minims                 =60 grains                  =4 grams                 =4 ml(cc)             =1 teaspoonful 1 ounce =30 grams              =8 teaspoonful                  =480 grains                  =8 drams                 =25 ml (cc)       1 liter  =1000 ml                 =40 ounce                  =2 pints                  =1 quart 1 gram    =1000 mg                 =15 grain  1 grain =60 mg 1cc ...

  LIST OF ALL NURSING PROCEDURE a.All basic needs b.Respiratory therapy  c. Intravenous therapy  d. Patient safety  e. Emergency management  f. Nutritional therapy  g. Infections control  h. Investigation preparations  I. Nursing documentation  j. Medication therapy  k. Admission and discharge procedure  l. Elimination need  m. Diabetic care  n. Therapeutic diagnostic procedure  O. Care of wounds and drain  p. Bundle and Qulaity indicator  q. Procedure in critical care  ALL BASIC NEEDS 1.Bed making  2.Oral care  3.Back care  4.Bed bath  5.Eye care  6.Foot care  7.Perineal care  8.Hair care  RESPIRATORY THERAPY  1.Oxygen administration  2.Nebulization  3.Steam inhalation  4.Oral and Nasopharyngeal airway  5.Suctioning  6.Spirometry  7.NIBP  8.Pulse oximetry 9.BIPAP and CPAP  INTRAVENOUS THERAPY  1.IV cannulation...

  STERILIZATION VS  STERILIZING AGENT 1. GLUTARALDEHYDE 2% Uses -  *all metal instruments  *Airways and Endotracheal Tube  *plastic  *glass 2. ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL 70%- Uses - *all metal instruments  *Scope lense  *Ambu Bag and its face mask  *Thermometer probes *clinical glass Thermometer  *trolley tops *Electric razors 2. SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE - Uses - *all type of metal  *glass  *plastic *rubber items *Scope lense 3. CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE  Uses - *bedpans  *furniture 4. PHENOL 2%- Uses - *all metal instruments  *toughened plastic  *glass *delicate items *tubing 5. FORMALINE  (7gm/m3)- Uses - *all metal instruments  *toughened plastic  *glass *delicate items *tubing 6. SAVLON 5%- Uses -  *cheatle forceps  *clinical glass Thermometer  *Furniture instruments  7. CHLORINE 0.5%- Uses -  *glass items  *enamel wares  *stainless steel items

  Vitamin VS their other name, Deficiency related disease, example and function 1. VITAMIN A   * Other name - Retinol   * Deficiency related disease - Night blindness, conjunctival xerosis, Bitot's sopt, corneal xerosis, keratomalacia, Exophthalmia  * Example - Liver, egg, butter, cheez, whole milk, fish, meat, yellow and green fruit, carrot  * Function - Contribute to the production of retinal pigments, for the normal functioning of epithelial and glandular cell, support in the growth of skeletal tissue, act as anti infective  2. VITAMIN C Other name -Ascorbic acid   * Deficiency related disease- Scurvy  * Example - fresh fruit, greeny and leafy vegetables, fresh meat and fish citrus fruit, such as oranges and orange juice, peppers, strawberries, blackcurrants,broccoli brussels sprouts,  potatoes  * Function - helping to protect cells and keeping them healthy. maintaining healthy skin, blood vessels, bones and cartilage 3...

 THERAPEUTIC POSITION VS  DIFFERENT CONDITION  1. KIDNEY BIOPSY *During - prone position  *After -supine position 2. LIVER BIOPSY - *During - supine position  *After - Right lateral 3. LUMBAR PUNCTURE *During - 'C' shaped position /sideline with bowed back knee flexed, chin towards chest  *After - supine for 4-12hours 4. PARACENTESIS - Semi fowler /sitting upright with feet over table 5. THORACOCENTESIS - Sitting at the edge of table with feet over the table Or Sideling on unaffected side with elevated head of bed 6. AIR EMBOLISM - left lateral with trendelenburg position  7. SPINAL CORD INJURY -log roll position  8. APPENDECTOMY - right lateral or semi fowler position  9. LAMINECTOMY - prone position like muslim prayer position  10. CATARACT SURGERY - Semi fowler position  11. CYANOTIC SPELLS - knee chest position  12. AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA - high fowler position  13. TOF - Squating position  14. MALE CATHE...

 My name is pradip pradhan... Now I am working as nursing officer... For the preparations of different nursing exam.. I bring to you some previous year question in different Subject by this blog Now today this blog is only for FUNDAMENTAL of NURSING.... Let's start to know for a better carrier...... Top 500 ALL QUESTION OF FUNDAMENTAL OF NURSING 1.IN TRIAGE, YELLOW COLOUR INDICATE....  ANS.. URGENT   2. ABNORMAL LATETAL DEVIATION OF VERTEBRAL COLUMN IS CALLED..  ANS.. SCOLIOSIS   3. THE PARALYSIS OF BOTH UPPER AND LOWER EXTREMITIES IS KNOWN AS.....  ANS.. QUADRIPLEGIA   4.UNINTETIONAL TOUCHING OF THE PATIENT'S BODY WITHOUT CONSENT IS TERMED AS....  ANS... BATTERY   5.CHAVOSTEK 'S SIGN IS AN INDICATION OF...  ANS.. HYPOCALCEMIA   6.THE POSITION TO BE MAINTAINED FOR PATIENT WITH INCREASED ICP IS...  ANS.. FOWLERS POSITION  7.THE PRESSURE SET IN AUTOCLAVE FOR STERILIZATION IS.....  ANS 15LB 8.IN LUMBAR PUNCTURE, THE NEED...

Today our topic is......  ⚫Administration set change  ⚫Maintaining vascular assess device pattency, flushing and locking  ⚫VAD:on going assessment  ,site care and dressing change ⚫VAD removal ⚫IV line flushing protocol So before explaining about this topic first we have to know.....  WHAT IS VASCULAR ASSES DEVICE....  Vascular access devices (VADs) are cetheter inserted into veins via peripheral or central vessels for diagnostic or therapeutic reasons, such as blood sampling, central venous pressure readings, administration of medication, fluids, total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and blood transfusions ⚫INDICATION OF VAD... 1.Poor peripheral vein access or repeated blood draws 2.medication administration     ⚪Antibiotic treatments    ⚪Irritating infusion    ⚪Chemotherapy    ⚪Cardiac medication 3.Intravenous hydration or feeding     ⚪Fluid administration     ⚪Nutritional  4.seriois ill...