ENEMA VS THEIR USES AND EXAMPLE

 ENEMA TYPES VS THEIR EXAMPLE, AMOUNT OF SOULUTION USED 

(a) EVACUANT ENEMA 

1.SIMPLE 

2.MEDICATED 

       *oil enema 

       *purgative enema 

       *Astringent 

       *Anthelmintic 

       *carminative 

   

3.COLD 

(b) RETAINED ENEMA 

1.Stimulant 

2.Nutrient 

3.Emollient 

4.Sedative 

5.Anaesthetic 

1.SIMPLE EVACUANT ENEMA 

it is used to Stimulate defecation and to treat constipation 

Example - 

*Soap and water (soap jelly 50 ml to water 1 liter) 

*Normal saline - 1 teaspoonful Sodium chloride with 500 ml of water 

*Amount of solution to be used 

Adult - 500 to 1000 ml

Children- 250 to500ml

Infant - 250ml or less 

*temperature of the solution 

Adult - 105 - 110 °F

Children - 100°F

2.OIL ENEMA 

it is used to soften fecal matter in sever constipation 

Example - 

*Olive oil 

*Gingerly oil or sweet oil 

*caster oil and Olive oil 

Amount of solution to be used - 

115 to 175 ml

Temperature of solution - 100°F

3.PURGATIVE ENEMA 

it is used to evacuation of bowel 

Example - 

*Pure glycerine - 

15 to 30 ml 

*Glycerine and

 water -1:2

*Ox gall - 15 to 30 ml

*Glycerine and caster oil - 1:1

*Magnesium sulphate - 60 to 120 ml with water 

*1-2-3 enema where Magnesium sulphate 30ml, glycerine 60 ml and water 90 ml 

Temperature of solution is 100 °F

4.CARMINATIVE ENEMA 

It is used to gaseous distension of abdomen 

Example - 

*Turpentine 8 to 16 ml with 600 to 1200 ml of soap water 

*Tr. asafoetida 8 to 18 ml with 600 to 1200 ml of soap water 

5.ANTHELMINTIC ENEMA 

It is used to destroy and expel the worms from the intestine 

Example - 

*Infusion of quassia - 15 gms of chips with 600 ml of water 

*Hypertonic saline - Sodium chloride 60 ml with 600 ml of water 

Amount of solution used is 250 ml

6.ASTRINGENT ENEMA 

It is used to check bleeding and inflammation 

Example - 

*Tannic acid 2gms to 600ml water 

*Alum - 30 gm to 600 ml water 

*Silver nitrate 2%

Temperature of solution - it is given as hot as client tolerated 

7.COLD ENEMA 

It is used to decrease body temperature incase of hyperpyrexia and heat stroke 

It is given in the form of colonic irritation 

Example - 

8.STIMULANT ENEMA 

It is used in the treatment of shock and collapse, incase of poisoning 

Example - 

*Black coffee 1 tablespoon with 300 ml water 

*Brandy 15 ml with Glucose saline 120-180 ml 

Amount of solution to be used - 180 to 240 ml 

Temperature of solution - 108-110°F

9.SEDATIVE ENEMA 

It is a retention enema in which sedative drugs are used to induce sleep 

Example - 

*paraldehyde 

*chloral hydrate 

*pottasium bromide 

10.ANAESTHETIC ENEMA 

It is a retention enema in which anesthesia are used to produce loss of consciousness 

Example - 

AVERTIN - 150 to 300mg /kg body weight 

11.EMOLLIENT ENEMA 

It is used to check diarrhea, soothing and relieve the irritation of mucus membrane 

Example - 

*Starch 120 to 180 ml

And opium 1-2 ml

Amount of solution to be uesd 120 - 180 ml

Temperature of solution - 100 to 105°F

12.NUTRIENT ENEMA 

It is a nutrient enema by which food and Fluid supply to the body

IT is useful in the condition like hemophilia which makes iv infusion difficult or undesirable

Solution used

*Normal saline 

*Glucose saline 

*peptonized milk

Amount of solution used 

1100 to 1700 in 24 hours or 180 - 240 ml at every 4 hours interval

Temperature of solution is 100°F