COMMUNITY VS SOME IMPORTANT GOLDEN KEY POINT

 COMMUNITY VS SOME IMPORTANT GOLDEN KEY POINT

The three features of a community are location, population and social system.

The world health day is celebrated on April 7th

World Tuberculosis day is celebrated on March 24th.

World AIDS day is celebrated on 1st December.

Prevention of risk factors refer to primordial prevention. Example: Lifestyle modification.

Immunization and fortification of food with specific nutrients are an example of primary prevention.

Wearing seat belts, safety helmets and other safety equipment's are the examples of primary health promotion behavior

Early diagnosis (screening) and primary treatment (basic treatment) of the disease are known as secondary prevention.

Medical therapy (hospital care), surgical treatment and rehabilitation are the examples of tertiary level prevention.

The ideal weight of an adult person is calculated on the basis of height.

The study of distribution and determinants of the disease is called epidemiology

Chain of intection includes agent, susceptible host, portal of entry, mode of transmission, portal of exit and reservoi

Incidence is defined as number of new cases that occur over a given period of time

Prevalence is the number of cases (old + new cases) in a population in a given period of time.

Point prevalence is defined as proportion of population which has condition in specific point in time.

Period prevalence is defined as proportion of a population which has the condition at some point of time during the given period.

A sudden outbreak of disease in the community in excess than the normal expectation is known as epidemic.

Pandemic: When an epidemic spreads throughout the world (worldwide).

Endemic: A disease that exists permanently in a particular geographical region or population.

Entomology is a scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology

The WHO initiative 'Right to Sight' is named as Vision 2020. It is a global initiative for the elimination of avoidable blindness.

India is currently in late expanding stage (third stage) of demographic cycle. In this stage, birth rate begins to decline and death

rate further decreases (from 2nd stage).

Sex ratio is defined as the number of female individuals for every 1000 male individuals.

General fertility rate refers to number of live births per 1000 females in reproductive age group.

Mass drug administration is given to control filaria and malaria in many countries but in India it is done in case of lymphatic filaria

only.

The content of Drug Kit A provided at Subcentre includes ORS, tablet iron and folic acid, vitamin A solution and tablet cotrimoxazole.

The population covered by the primary health center is 30,000 in plain areas and 20,000 in tribal area.

Bhore Committee (1946) is known as "Health Survey & Development Committee".

Mudaliar Committee (1962) is known as "Health Survey & Planning Committee"

One basic health worker for 10,000 population was recommended by Chadha Committee (1963).

Kartar Singh Committee (1973) recommended that ANMs were to be converted to MPW (F).

The Rural Health Scheme was based on the recommendation of Srivastava Committee

.MPWs (multipurpose worker) team include one male health worker and one female health worker which cover 5,000 population

in rural areas.

The newborn birth to be registered in India within 21 days of birth.

UNICEF (United Nation International Emergency fund) was established in 1946.

Telemedicine hub refers to the primary clinical site from where the health provider renders health services to the remote places.

Antiviral agents used for prevention and treatment of swine flu are Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and Zanamivir (Relenza).

A characteristic feature of the rash in chickenpox is its pleomorphism (all stages of rash may be seen simultaneously).

India was free from smallpox in April 1977 but it was officially declared in December 1979.

Smallpox was officially declared eradicated by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 8th May, 1980

BCG, Hepatitis B, OPV vaccines are recommended at birth according to National Immunization Schedule.

The system of storing and transporting vaccines is termed as Cold chain

.The vaccination can be used if the center square is white in the Vaccination Vial Monitor (VVM)

Can use

X

Do not use

Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) is live vaccine (Sabin) and Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) is a killed vaccine (Salk).

The diluent used for reconstitution of BCG vaccine is normal saline.

Pulse Polio Immunization was introduced in 1995.

Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E viruses are mainly transmitted through feco-oral route.

Hepatitis B and C are transmitted through blood-to-blood contact.

Hepatitis D only occurs in people who are infected with the hepatitis B virus because HDV require help of HBV to replicate.

The time interval between the invasion by an infectious agent and the appearance of first sign of disease is called incubation

DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment for Short course) is a strategy used by World Health Organization (WHO) to decrease the

period.

number of tuberculosis (TB) patients.

Dengue is spread through the bite of the female Aedes aegypti mosquito. This mosquito is a daytime feeder. Biting period is early

Culex vishnui mosquito from the Culicidae family is the most common vector causing the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in India,

in the morning.

Schick test is intradermal test used to confirm the diagnosis of diphtheria.

Trachoma is contagious and affects the conjunctiva of the eye, cornea and eyelids. It is caused by the Chlamydia trachomatis

Sri Lanka.

bacteria.

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection caused by bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Measles is caused by Rubeola virus.

Amoebiasis is caused by Entamoeba histolytica.

Glucose is added in ORS solution because it increases the sodium absorption.

A freshly prepared ORS solution (Oral rehydration solution) should be used within 24 hours.

During cholera outbreak, the best emergency sanitation measures to be adopted will be provision of chlorinated water

Most common cause of blindness in India is Cataract (62%) followed by refractive errors (20%).

Mid-day meal program was introduced in 1961 to improve the school attendance by providing supplementary food from school