Disorders of Memory

 Disorders of Memory

1.Short-term memory (working memory):

 For verbal and visual information, retained for 15-20 sec., low capacity, e.g. retaining phone number while dialing.

2.Long-term memory: 

Wide capacity and more permanent storage,e.g. childhood memories, language vocabulary

3.Amnesia: 

Severe memory loss.

4.Retrograde amnesia: 

Cannot recall events that occurred prior to the brain trauma.

5.Anterograde amnesia: 

Cannot recall events that occurs after the brain trauma. Occurs due to failure to make permanent traces.

6.déja vu: 

It comprises the feeling of having experienced a current event in the past, although it has no basis in fact.

7.Jamais vu: 

It is opposite to déja vu. The phenomenon of experiencing a situation that one recognizes in some fashion, but that nonetheless seems very unfamiliar.

8.Confabulation: 

Gaps in memory are unconsciously filled with fabricated, misinterpreted, or distorted information

9.Amnesic disorientation: 

Characterized by disorientation particularly in time, impairment of immediate recall, loss of recent memory, retroactive loss of remote memory of varying extent and a tendency to confabulation

10.Hypomnesia:

 Abnormally poor memory of the past

11.Hypermnesia: 

Unusual power or enhancement of memory,typically under abnormal conditions such as trauma, hypnosis,or narcosis.

12.Korsakofft's syndrome: Occurs due to vitamin B1 (thiamin)deficiency Memory problems are often preceded by ataxia.

13.Transient global amnesia: It is characterized by a patient's inability to learn new material. Perception and personal identity